CentOS6 に後から GUI (X Window System) を追加する

CentOS6 を Minimal でインストールした後に、やっぱり GUI が欲しくなることもある。

今回使用する環境は次の通り。

$ cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
$ uname -r
2.6.32-573.7.1.el6.x86_64

デスクトップ環境がほしい場合

デスクトップ環境がほしいときは yum groupinstall サブコマンドで Desktop をインストールする。

$ sudo yum -y groupinstall "Desktop"

しかし、これだけだと最低限のものしか入らない。日本語を扱う場合に必要な Japanese Support だとか、日常で使うツール類として General Purpose Desktop なども入れた方がいい。

$ sudo yum -y groupinstall "Japanese Support" "General Purpose Desktop"

必要なものがインストールできたら、起動モードを 5 (X11) に変更した上で再起動する。

$ sudo sed -i -e "s/^id:[0-6]/id:5/" /etc/inittab
$ sudo shutdown -r now

以上でデスクトップ環境が手に入る。

X Window System だけでいい場合

デスクトップ環境はいらなくて X Window System さえあれば良い、という場合には X Window System をインストールする。

$ sudo yum -y groupinstall "X Window System"

日本語を表示したい場合には、先ほどと同様に Japanese Support もインストールしておこう。

$ sudo yum -y groupinstall "Japanese Support"

あとは再起動する。

$ sudo shutdown -r now

おまけ: yum groupinstall できるものを表示する

groupinstall できるパッケージの一覧を得るには yum grouplist hidden コマンドを使う。

$ LANG=C sudo yum grouplist hidden
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Group Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: www.ftp.ne.jp
 * extras: www.ftp.ne.jp
 * updates: www.ftp.ne.jp
base/group_gz                                            | 219 kB     00:00     
Installed Groups:
   Core
   E-mail server
   Perl Support
   Scalable Filesystems
   Security Tools
   Storage Availability Tools
   iSCSI Storage Client
Available Groups:
   Additional Development
   Backup Client
   Backup Server
   Base
   Basic legacy X Window System compatibility
   CIFS file server
   Client management tools
   Compatibility libraries
   Conflicts (Client)
   Conflicts (ComputeNode)
   Conflicts (Server)
   Conflicts (Workstation)
   Console internet tools
   Debugging Tools
   Desktop
   Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
   Desktop Platform
   Desktop Platform Development
   Development tools
   Dial-up Networking Support
   Directory Client
   Directory Server
   Eclipse
   Emacs
   FCoE Storage Client
   FTP server
   Fonts
   General Purpose Desktop
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Graphics Creation Tools
   Guest Agents
   Hardware monitoring utilities
   High Availability
   High Availability Management
   Identity Management Server
   Infiniband Support
   Input Methods
   Internet Applications
   Internet Browser
   Java Platform
   KDE Desktop
   Large Systems Performance
   Legacy UNIX compatibility
   Legacy X Window System compatibility
   Load Balancer
   Mainframe Access
   Messaging Client Support
   MySQL Database client
   MySQL Database server
   NFS file server
   Network Infrastructure Server
   Network Storage Server
   Network file system client
   Networking Tools
   Office Suite and Productivity
   PHP Support
   Performance Tools
   PostgreSQL Database client
   PostgreSQL Database server
   Print Server
   Printing client
   Remote Desktop Clients
   Resilient Storage
   Ruby Support
   SNMP Support
   Scientific support
   Server Platform
   Server Platform Development
   Server Policy
   Smart card support
   System Management
   System administration tools
   TeX support
   Technical Writing
   TurboGears application framework
   Virtualization
   Virtualization Client
   Virtualization Platform
   Virtualization Tools
   Web Server
   Web Servlet Engine
   Web-Based Enterprise Management
   Workstation Policy
   X Window System
Available Language Groups:
   Afrikaans Support [af]
   Albanian Support [sq]
   Amazigh Support [ber]
   Arabic Support [ar]
   Armenian Support [hy]
   Assamese Support [as]
   Azerbaijani Support [az]
   Basque Support [eu]
   Belarusian Support [be]
   Bengali Support [bn]
   Bhutanese Support [dz]
   Brazilian Portuguese Support [pt_BR]
   Breton Support [br]
   Bulgarian Support [bg]
   Catalan Support [ca]
   Chhattisgarhi Support [hne]
   Chichewa Support [ny]
   Chinese Support [zh]
   Coptic Support [cop]
   Croatian Support [hr]
   Czech Support [cs]
   Danish Support [da]
   Dutch Support [nl]
   English (UK) Support [en_GB]
   Esperanto Support [eo]
   Estonian Support [et]
   Ethiopic Support [am]
   Faroese Support [fo]
   Fijian Support [fj]
   Filipino Support [fil]
   Finnish Support [fi]
   French Support [fr]
   Frisian Support [fy]
   Friulian Support [fur]
   Gaelic Support [gd]
   Galician Support [gl]
   Georgian Support [ka]
   German Support [de]
   Greek Support [el]
   Gujarati Support [gu]
   Hebrew Support [he]
   Hiligaynon Support [hil]
   Hindi Support [hi]
   Hungarian Support [hu]
   Icelandic Support [is]
   Indonesian Support [id]
   Interlingua Support [ia]
   Inuktitut Support [iu]
   Irish Support [ga]
   Italian Support [it]
   Japanese Support [ja]
   Kannada Support [kn]
   Kashmiri Support [ks]
   Kashubian Support [csb]
   Kazakh Support [kk]
   Khmer Support [km]
   Kinyarwanda Support [rw]
   Konkani Support [kok]
   Korean Support [ko]
   Kurdish Support [ku]
   Lao Support [lo]
   Latin Support [la]
   Latvian Support [lv]
   Lithuanian Support [lt]
   Low Saxon Support [nds]
   Luxembourgish Support [lb]
   Macedonian Support [mk]
   Maithili Support [mai]
   Malagasy Support [mg]
   Malay Support [ms]
   Malayalam Support [ml]
   Maltese Support [mt]
   Manx Support [gv]
   Maori Support [mi]
   Marathi Support [mr]
   Mongolian Support [mn]
   Myanmar (Burmese) Support [my]
   Nepali Support [ne]
   Northern Sotho Support [nso]
   Norwegian Support [nb]
   Occitan Support [oc]
   Oriya Support [or]
   Persian Support [fa]
   Polish Support [pl]
   Portuguese Support [pt]
   Punjabi Support [pa]
   Romanian Support [ro]
   Russian Support [ru]
   Sanskrit Support [sa]
   Sardinian Support [sc]
   Serbian Support [sr]
   Sindhi Support [sd]
   Sinhala Support [si]
   Slovak Support [sk]
   Slovenian Support [sl]
   Somali Support [so]
   Southern Ndebele Support [nr]
   Southern Sotho Support [st]
   Spanish Support [es]
   Swahili Support [sw]
   Swati Support [ss]
   Swedish Support [sv]
   Tagalog Support [tl]
   Tajik Support [tg]
   Tamil Support [ta]
   Telugu Support [te]
   Tetum Support [tet]
   Thai Support [th]
   Tibetan Support [bo]
   Tsonga Support [ts]
   Tswana Support [tn]
   Turkish Support [tr]
   Turkmen Support [tk]
   Ukrainian Support [uk]
   Upper Sorbian Support [hsb]
   Urdu Support [ur]
   Uzbek Support [uz]
   Venda Support [ve]
   Vietnamese Support [vi]
   Walloon Support [wa]
   Welsh Support [cy]
   Xhosa Support [xh]
   Zulu Support [zu]
Done